A Bionator is a removable orthodontic appliance used to guide jaw growth and improve how the upper and lower teeth fit together. It is most commonly used during growth phases, often in children and adolescents. A Bionator sits in the mouth and influences muscle posture, tongue position, and jaw positioning. It is typically part of “functional orthodontics,” where function and growth are used to support bite correction.

The Herbst appliance is a fixed orthodontic device used to correct certain bite problems, most commonly Class II malocclusion (a “retrusive” lower jaw relationship). It typically connects the upper and lower teeth with a telescoping mechanism that holds the lower jaw forward. It is most often used in growing patients, but can also be used in selected adult cases as part of comprehensive orthodontic treatment. Because it is fixed in place, it works continuously without relying on patient wear compliance like a removable appliance.

twin block is a removable orthodontic functional appliance most often used to guide jaw growth and improve bite relationships. It typically consists of two separate plates (upper and lower) with angled bite blocks that posture the lower jaw forward. It is commonly used in growing patients to help manage certain Class II bite patterns (often called an “overbite/overjet” presentation). It is made and adjusted by dental professionals as part of an orthodontic treatment plan.

A functional appliance is an orthodontic device designed to guide jaw growth and tooth position by changing how the muscles and jaws meet. It is most commonly used during growth, especially in children and teens with certain bite patterns. Some versions are removable, while others are fixed (attached to the teeth). The goal is typically to improve jaw relationship and bite function over time.

A **protraction facemask** is an orthodontic appliance worn outside the mouth that helps guide forward growth or positioning of the upper jaw. It is most commonly used in growing patients with certain **Class III** bite patterns (often described as an “underbite”). It works by applying gentle forward-pulling forces to the upper jaw through elastics connected to an intraoral appliance. You may also hear it called **reverse-pull headgear** or **maxillary protraction facemask**.

reverse pull headgear is an orthodontic appliance designed to pull the upper jaw (maxilla) forward. It is most commonly used in growing patients with a Class III growth pattern (an underbite tendency). It typically includes an external “facemask” and elastics connected to an intraoral appliance. Its goal is orthopedic change (guiding jaw growth), not just moving teeth.

facemask is a term some dental teams use to describe a thin, flowable resin-based composite layer placed to “mask” color or to improve adaptation of a restoration. It is most commonly discussed in tooth-colored filling and cosmetic bonding workflows. The exact meaning can vary by clinician, product system, and manufacturer terminology. In general, it refers to a light-cured, tooth-colored material used in thin sections.

facebow headgear is an orthodontic appliance worn partly inside the mouth and partly outside the face. It connects to upper molars and to a neck strap or head cap to deliver controlled pulling forces. It is commonly used in orthodontics to guide jaw growth patterns or move upper back teeth (molars). It is usually prescribed for specific bite relationships, often in growing patients, based on a clinician’s diagnosis.

high-pull headgear is an orthodontic appliance worn outside the mouth to apply controlled forces to the upper teeth and jaw. It typically connects an inner wire (facebow) attached to upper molars to a headcap that sits high on the back of the head. It is most commonly used in comprehensive orthodontic treatment to guide tooth movement and, in growing patients, influence jaw growth patterns. Use and wear schedules vary by clinician and case.

cervical headgear is an orthodontic appliance worn outside the mouth to help guide tooth and jaw position. It typically uses a neck strap connected to a facebow that attaches to upper molars. It is most commonly used with braces in growing patients, but indications vary by clinician and case. Its main role is to apply controlled force to move teeth and influence jaw relationships over time.