A frenectomy (surgical) is a minor oral surgery that removes or releases a frenum (a small fold of tissue). A frenum can attach the lip or tongue to the gums or floor of the mouth. The goal is to reduce tension or restriction caused by that tissue band. It is commonly discussed in dentistry, periodontics, orthodontics, pediatrics, and oral surgery.

The ridge recontouring technique is a way to reshape ridge-like tooth anatomy, most often the marginal ridges of back teeth or the edge-and-line-angle contours of front teeth. The ridge recontouring approach is commonly done by adding and sculpting tooth-colored resin (composite) to restore normal shape and contact with neighboring teeth. The ridge recontouring term is sometimes used more broadly in dentistry (for example, reshaping an edentulous gum/bone ridge), but this overview focuses on the bonded, tooth-surface procedure that uses restorative materials. The ridge recontouring goal is to improve tooth form, function, and cleanability while keeping the treatment conservative when possible.

vestibuloplasty is a surgical procedure that increases the depth of the oral vestibule (the space between the lips/cheeks and the gums). It is most commonly used as part of pre-prosthetic surgery to help dentures fit and function more predictably. It can also be used to improve soft-tissue anatomy around natural teeth or dental implants in selected cases. The goal is usually to create more stable, accessible gum and mucosal tissues for comfort and hygiene.

torus mandibularis removal is a dental surgical procedure that reduces or removes a benign bony growth (a “torus”) on the inner side of the lower jaw. These bony prominences typically form along the lingual (tongue-side) surface of the mandible, often near the premolars. The procedure is commonly considered when the torus interferes with oral function, comfort, or dental appliances such as dentures. In many people, mandibular tori are left untreated because they are non-cancerous and often symptom-free.

torus palatinus removal is a dental surgical procedure to reduce or remove a bony growth on the roof of the mouth (the hard palate). The growth itself is called a *torus palatinus* (a benign bone prominence). The procedure is most commonly used in oral surgery and prosthodontic planning (for dentures or other appliances). It is typically considered when the torus interferes with function, comfort, or dental treatment.